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Historic Nogales Main Street HISTORY
Thousands of years ago, before European explorers ever dreamed of sailing
across the Atlantic, Nogales was part of a migratory path and trade route
called Spain's El Camino Real (The King's Highway). Much later, regiments of
armor-clad Conquistadors forayed north along this very valley in quest of
precious metals and gems. Today missions built by the Spanish colonials
still dot the valley's landscape.
Back in those days, ranchers in the area were besieged by Apaches raiding
their herds of well-fed cattle. One of our local ranchers, Pete Kitchen used
to say, "Tucson, Tubac, Tumacacori, to hell," when returning to Nogales from
a cattle drive from Tucson. Today, you'll find Nogales a far more hospitable
place. Where Pet's ranch once was, is now Pete Kitchen's Outpost, a
restaurant. It's actually one of the original 1853 structures of the old
Kitchen homestead.
Fray Marcos de Niza arrives in the Ambos Nogales territory in 1539.
Life on the border would not be complete without the influence of Pancho
Villa, whose army occupied Nogales, Mexico in 1914 during the Mexican
Revolution. The U.S. military's garrison in Nogales swelled to over 10,000
mostly black soldiers of the highly decorated 25th Regiment mostly detached
from Washington, D.C. The military buildup and related business growth
attracted many businesses to Nogales, some of which remain today.
Old City Hall was built in 1914, a year before Arizona became a state. It
was used as the Office of the Mayor, the Sheriff's office with two holding
cells, and the Fire Department. Now, it houses the Pimeria Alta Historical
Society and has fascinating displays of how things used to be.
An early street scene in downtown Nogales during the 1920s. Architectural
buffs will have a heyday in Nogales. Of course, there's the predominant
Sonoran Style. But we also have fine examples of Queen Anne Cottage, Second
Empire, Spanish Colonial, Pueblo Revival, Mediterranean Style, and Bungalow
Style all within the downtown area.
Be sure to take a stroll back in time along historic Morley Avenue. Many of
the stores, like Capin & Company and Brackers Department Store, established
in the early 1900's, are run by descendents of pioneer merchants, and are
still thriving.
Nogales, Arizona
Population (year 2000): 20,878
Males: 9,779 (46.8%), Females: 11,099 (53.2%)
Elevation: 3850 feet
County: Santa Cruz
Land area: 20.8 square miles
Zip codes: 85621, 85628, 85662.
Median resident age: 29.8 years
Median household income: $22,306
Median house value: $88,800
Races in Nogales:
Hispanic (93.6%)
Other race (18.0%)
White Non-Hispanic (5.5%)
Two or more races (2.9%)
American Indian (0.8%)
(Total can be greater than 100% because Hispanics could be counted in other
races)
Ancestries: United States (2.2%), German (1.3%).
For population 25 years and over in Nogales city, Arizona
High school or higher: 47.7%
Bachelor's degree or higher: 9.4%
Graduate or professional degree: 3.9%
Unemployed: 9.4%
Mean travel time to work: 16.0 minutes
For population 15 years and over in Nogales city, Arizona
Never married: 29.3%
Now married: 55.4%
Separated: 2.5%
Widowed: 5.5%
Divorced: 7.3%
45.4% Foreign born (44.8% Latin America).
Nearest city with pop. 50,000+: Tucson, AZ (59.5 miles, pop. 486,699).
Nearest city with pop. 1,000,000+: Phoenix, AZ (169.5 miles, pop.
1,321,045).
Nearest cities: Rio Rico Southeast, AZ (6.6 miles), Rio Rico Southwest, AZ
(8.1 miles), Rio Rico Northwest, AZ (11.2 miles), Rio Rico Northeast, AZ
(12.3 miles), Green Valley, AZ (34.9 miles), Sahuarita, AZ (39.9 miles),
East Sahuarita, AZ (40.9 miles), Huachuca City, AZ (45.8 miles).
Area code: 520
Industries providing employment: Retail trade (20.7%), Educational,health
and social services (11.9%), Wholesale trade (10.2%).
Crime in Nogales (2001):
1 murder (4.8 per 100,000)
0 rapes (0.0 per 100,000)
7 robberies (33.5 per 100,000)
63 assaults (301.8 per 100,000)
88 burglaries (421.5 per 100,000)
534 larceny counts (2557.7 per 100,000)
139 auto thefts (665.8 per 100,000)
City-data.com crime index = 260.3 (higher means more crime, US average =
330.6)
Average weather in Nogales, Arizona
Based on data reported by over 4,000 weather stations
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Average temp. (°F) 45.9 48.9 53.0 58.8 66.1 75.4 79.1 77.7 73.2 63.2 52.4
46.5
High temperature (°F) 63.9 67.2 71.3 78.4 86.3 95.8 94.3 92.2 90.1 82.0 71.5
64.5
Low temperature (°F) 27.9 30.5 34.6 39.1 45.9 55.0 63.9 63.1 56.2 44.3 33.3
28.5
Precipitation (in) 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.5 4.2 4.2 1.7 1.8 0.8 1.5
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Normal climate in Nogales, Arizona
Based on data reported by main weather stations
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Days with precip. 4 4 4 2 2 2 10 9 5 3 3 4
Wind speed (mph) 7.9 8.1 8.6 8.9 8.8 8.7 8.4 7.9 8.3 8.2 8.0 7.8
Morning humidity (%) 62 58 53 42 34 32 56 65 55 52 54 62
Afternoon humidity (%) 32 27 23 16 13 13 28 33 27 25 28 34
Sunshine (%) 80 82 86 90 92 93 78 80 87 88 84 79
Days clear of clouds 14 13 15 17 20 21 10 12 19 20 18 15
Partly cloudy days 7 7 7 7 7 6 12 12 7 6 6 6
Cloudy days 10 9 9 6 4 3 9 7 4 5 6 10
Snowfall (in) 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3
Hospital/medical center in Nogales:
CARONDELET HOLY CROSS HOSPITAL INC (1171 WEST TARGET RANGE ROAD)
Other hospitals/medical centers near Nogales:
SIERRA VISTA REGIONAL HEALTH CENTER (about 51 miles; SIERRA VISTA, AZ)
KINO COMMUNITY HOSPITAL (about 58 miles; TUCSON, AZ)
CARONDELET SAINT JOSEPHS HOSPITAL (about 60 miles; TUCSON, AZ)
Airports certified for carrier operations nearest to Nogales:
SIERRA VISTA MUNI-LIBBY AAF (about 45 miles; FORT HUACHUCA SIERRA VISTA, AZ;
ID: FHU)
TUCSON INTL (about 52 miles; TUCSON, AZ; ID: TUS)
DAVIS-MONTHAN AFB (about 55 miles; TUCSON, AZ; ID: DMA)
Other public-use airports nearest to Nogales:
NOGALES INTL (about 9 miles; NOGALES, AZ; ID: OLS)
RYAN FIELD (about 56 miles; TUCSON, AZ; ID: RYN)
BENSON MUNICIPAL (about 60 miles; BENSON, AZ; ID: E95)
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Colleges/universities with over 2000 students nearest to Nogales:
PIMA COMMUNITY COLLEGE (about 59 miles; TUCSON, AZ; FT enrollment: 14,177)
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA (about 61 miles; TUCSON, AZ; FT enrollment: 29,915)
COCHISE COLLEGE (about 97 miles; DOUGLAS, AZ; FT enrollment: 2,585)
CENTRAL ARIZONA COLLEGE (about 119 miles; COOLIDGE, AZ; FT enrollment:
2,333)
EASTERN ARIZONA COLLEGE (about 130 miles; THATCHER, AZ; FT enrollment:
3,085)
CHANDLER/GILBERT COMMUNITY COLLEGE (about 149 miles; CHANDLER, AZ; FT
enrollment: 2,990)
MESA COMMUNITY COLLEGE (about 154 miles; MESA, AZ; FT enrollment: 11,928)
Public high schools in Nogales:
NOGALES HIGH SCHOOL (Students: 1,654; Location: 1900 N APACHE BLVD; Grades:
09 - 12)
SANTA CRUZ ALTERNATIVE HIGH SCHOOL (Students: 149; Location: 451 N ARROYO
BLVD; Grades: 09 - 12)
Biggest public primary/middle schools in Nogales:
DESERT SHADOWS MIDDLE SCHOOL (Students: 776; Location: 451 N ARROYO BLVD;
Grades: 06 - 08)
VASQUEZ DE CORONADO FRANCISCO SCHOOL (Students: 717; Location: 2301 N AL
HARRISON RD; Grades: KG - 05)
WADE CARPENTER MIDDLE SCHOOL (Students: 686; Location: 595 W KINO ST;
Grades: 06 - 08)
A J MITCHELL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (Students: 614; Location: 855 N BAUTISTA ST;
Grades: KG - 05)
CHALLENGER ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (Students: 584; Location: 901 E CALLE MAYER;
Grades: KG - 05)
LINCOLN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (Students: 441; Location: 652 N TYLER AVE; Grades:
KG - 05)
MARY L WELTY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (Students: 390; Location: 1050 W CIMARRON ST;
Grades: KG - 05)
ROBERT BRACKER ELEMENTARY (Students: 260; Location: 121 CAMINO DIEZ
MANDAMIENTAS; Grades: KG - 05)
MEXICAYOTL CHARTER SCHOOL (Students: 173; Location: 590 N. MORLEY AVE.;
Grades: KG - 12)
LITTLE RED SCHOOLHOUSE (Students: 135; Location: HWY 82 AT DUQUESNE RD;
Grades: KG - 08)
Private primary/middle schools in Nogales:
SACRED HEART SCHOOL (Students: 207; Location: PO BOX 2300 207 W OAK ST;
Grades: KG - 5)
SANTA CRUZ TRAINING PROGRAMS I (Students: 57; Location: 70 E LA CASTELLANA
DR; Grades: PK - KG)
Library in Nogales:
NOGALES CITY/SANTA CRUZ COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY (Operating income: $670,692;
Location: 518 N. GRAND AVE.; 57,741 books; 810 audio materials; 1,160 video
materials; 95 serial subscriptions)
Nogales compared to Arizona state average:
Median household income below state average.
Median house value significantly below state average.
Black race population percentage significantly below state average.
Hispanic race population percentage above state average.
Foreign-born population percentage above state average.
Number of college students below state average.
Percentage of population with a bachelor's degree or higher significantly
below state average.
Population density significantly below state average.
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Strongest AM radio stations in Nogales:
KFLT (830 AM; 50 kW; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: FAMILY LIFE B/CING SYSTEM, INC.)
KUAZ (1550 AM; daytime; 50 kW; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: ARIZONA BOARD OF REGENTS)
KQTL (1210 AM; 10 kW; SAHUARITA, AZ; Owner: RADIO UNICA OF TUCSON LICENSE
CORP.)
KTKT (990 AM; 10 kW; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: ARIZONA LOTUS CORP.)
KEVT (1030 AM; 10 kW; CORTARO, AZ; Owner: ONE MART CORP.)
KNST (790 AM; 5 kW; TUCSON, AZ)
KMIA (710 AM; 50 kW; BLACK CANYON CITY, AZ; Owner: ENTRAVISION HOLDINGS,
LLC)
KFNX (1100 AM; 50 kW; CAVE CREEK, AZ; Owner: NORTH AMERICAN BROADCASTING
CO., INC.)
KMIK (1580 AM; 50 kW; TEMPE, AZ; Owner: ABC, INC.)
KSAZ (580 AM; 5 kW; MARANA, AZ; Owner: OWL BROADCASTING & DEVELOPMENT, INC.)
KPXQ (1360 AM; 50 kW; GLENDALE, AZ; Owner: COMMON GROUND BROADCASTING, INC.)
KJLL (1330 AM; 5 kW; SOUTH TUCSON, AZ; Owner: HUDSON COMMUNICATIONS, INC)
KNXN (1470 AM; 3 kW; SIERRA VISTA, AZ; Owner: GOOD MUSIC, INC.)
Strongest FM radio stations in Nogales:
KZNO (98.3 FM; NOGALES, AZ; Owner: DESERT WEST AIR RANCHERS CORPORATION (A
WYOMING CORPORATION))
KOFH (99.1 FM; NOGALES, AZ; Owner: FELIX CORPORATION)
KNOG (91.1 FM; NOGALES, AZ; Owner: WORLD RADIO NETWORK, INC.)
K219BU (91.7 FM; NOGALES, AZ; Owner: AZ. BD. OF REGENTS FOR UNIV. OF AZ.)
KWFM-FM (97.1 FM; GREEN VALLEY, AZ; Owner: CAPSTAR TX LIMITED PARTNERSHIP)
KXCI (91.3 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: FOUNDATION FOR CREATIVE BROADCASTING,
INC.)
K261CK (100.1 FM; SAN XAVIER, AZ; Owner: WORLD RADIO NETWORK, INC.)
KGMG (106.3 FM; ORACLE, AZ; Owner: JOURNAL BROADCAST CORPORATION)
KZLZ-FM2 (105.3 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: ENTRAVISION HOLDINGS, LLC)
KCDX (103.1 FM; FLORENCE, AZ; Owner: DESERT WEST AIR RANCHERS CORPORATION)
K263AA (100.5 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: EDUCATIONAL MEDIA FOUNDATION)
K255AC (98.9 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: MARICOPA COUNTY COMMUN. COLLEGE DIST)
KUAT-FM (90.5 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: ARIZONA BOARD OF REGENTS)
K292CM (106.3 FM; SUMMERHAVEN, AZ; Owner: ARIZONA LOTUS CORPORATION)
KZLZ-FM1 (105.3 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: ENTRAVISION HOLDINGS, LLC)
KIIM-FM (99.5 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: CITADEL BROADCASTING COMPANY)
KOYT (92.9 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: CAPSTAR TX LIMITED PARTNERSHIP)
KHYT (107.5 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: CITADEL BROADCASTING COMPANY)
KRQQ (93.7 FM; TUCSON, AZ; Owner: CAPSTAR TX LIMITED PARTNERSHIP)
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